Recent decades have seen rapid developments in biotechnology, medicine and genetics, leading to the concept of a “biological century”. This is a time when biology, medical research and technology can change the very essence of human life, prolonging it and improving its quality. Technologies such as gene editing, artificial organs, life extension and the fight against incurable diseases are already part of the scientific reality, and their development promises to transform the future.

In the future we can expect advances such as gene therapy to prevent diseases before they occur, the integration of humans with machines (e.g., next-generation neural interfaces, implants and prosthetics), and synthetic biology that could radically alter the production of food, energy and materials.

The future of science fiction in the context of biology is closely tied to the possibility of creating new kinds of life, the development of cyborgs, and artificial intelligence that interacts with living beings. Projects on cloning, custom organs, biosimulations, and the evolution of human capabilities may not only solve pressing problems, but also raise new ethical and philosophical questions. It is expected that biological and technological advances in the future may form the basis of new societies different from those that exist now.

The biological century is thus not only a time of technological progress, but also a time for rethinking human nature and our role in the world. Science fiction no longer only predicts the future, but often serves as inspiration for scientific breakthroughs.